अतथन्

Raag Atthan is a complete scale with all 7 notes in both ascent and descent raga in the Carnatic classical music tradition.. With its Sampurna-Sampurna jati structure, this raag creates a distinctive tonal landscape. The predominant rasa is Peace/Tranquility (शांत), making it suitable for compositions that evoke peaceful, meditative emotions. It is traditionally performed during evening hours, and its melodic contour offers rich possibilities for alapana, kalpanaswaram, and creative improvisation.

As part of the rich tapestry of Indian classical music, Raag Atthan represents the deep connection between melodic structure and emotional expression that defines the Carnatic tradition.

Raag Atthan is a well-established janya raag of Harikambhoji, the 28th melakarta in Venkatamakhin's 72-melakarta scheme (Chakra 5 — Bana chakra). Harikambhoji employs all shuddha swaras except Kaisika Nishada (N2, komal Ni), making it structurally equivalent to the Hindustani Khamaj thaat. The name 'Atthan' may derive from Sanskrit/Tamil roots meaning 'to press firmly,' 'to resound with force,' or from a Tamil cognate of 'adhana' (firmness, persistence). Tyagaraja's celebrated kriti Koluvaiyunnade (O Lord, you are ever gracious) in Atthan is one of the most beloved pieces in the Carnatic repertoire, performed at the opening of major Carnatic concerts. The raag is also known as 'Addhana' in some traditions, and its closest Hindustani relative is Raag Adana (or Addhana). Distinguished performers including M.S. Subbulakshmi, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar, and Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer have given landmark Atthan performances. It is traditionally performed in the evening and is strongly associated with devotional and heroic expression.